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This article is the PhD thesis of the author. It is focused on Type IIcompactifications because of the potential for the construction of realisticMSSM-like compactifications. In particular we concentrate in Type IIBCalabi-Yau orientifolds and its non-perturbative realization: F-theory. Thesesort of models, have attracted a lot of attention during recent years due totheir phenomenological interest. The first part is devoted to an introductorysurvey of some concepts and aspects of Type II vacua like e.g. the low energyeffective action or soft terms. It is also included a brief presentation ofF-theory stressing the phenomenological interest of local models. In the secondpart we present an analysis of the theoretical and phenomenological issues ofmodulus dominated SUSY breaking. In addition it is examined its status incomparison with recent LHC data. Finally, the third part is devoted to theanalysis of flux and instanton effects on local F-theory models. Yukawas andmatter fields wave functions corresponding to these models are calculated. Theresults may allow for an understanding of the problem of fermion hierarchies inthe Standard Model.

Some phenomenological aspects of Type IIB/F-theory string compactifications