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We report structural, detailed DC and linear/non-linear AC, isothermal andthermoremanent magnetization study of the rutheno-cuprate superconductingferromagnet RuSr2Gd1.4Ce0.6Cu2O10-{\delta} (GdRu-1222). Structural analysis, byemploying Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction pattern, reveals thatGdRu-1222 crystallizes in tetragonal phase with I4/mmm space group. GdRu-1222is a reported superconducting ferromagnet with Ru spins magnetic ordering ataround 110 K and superconductivity below 40 K in Cu-O2 planes. Detailedlinear/non-linear first and higher order harmonic of AC susceptibility studiesunveiled the complex magnetism of GdRu-1222. A frequency dependent cusp isobserved in AC susceptibility ({\chi}ac) vs. T measurements. The change in cuspposition with applied frequency followed the well known Vogel-Fulcher law,which is a feature to describe a spin-glass (SG) system with possibility ofembedded homogeneous/non-homogeneous magnetically interacting/non-interactingferromagnetic clusters. Such an interpretation is also supported bythermoremanent magnetization (TRM) study at T = 60 K. Detailed interpretationof AC magnetization results revealed the formation of magnetic (ferromagnetic)homogenous/non-homogenous clusters of different sizes embedded in spin-glass(SG) matrix. The magnetization vs. applied field loops do not saturate, even athigh applied fields (50 kOe), resulting in the short-range magnetic ordering inthe system, which causes the formation of clusters that freeze at lowtemperatures. Temperature variation of first- and third-order susceptibilityharmonics show good agreement with Wohlfarth's model (WM), leading to thesuperparamagnetism (SPM) state. Detailed magnetization (DC and AC both) resultsand their analysis helped in explaining the temperature dependent magnetism ofthe GdRu-1222 system.

Spin dynamics, short-range order and superparamagnetism in superconducting ferromagnet RuSr2Gd1.4Ce0.6Cu2O10-{\delta}