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We derive a set of optical Bloch equations (OBEs) directly from theminimal-coupling Hamiltonian density of the bound-state quantum electrodynamics(bound-state QED). Such optical Bloch equations are beyond the formerwidely-used ones due to that there is no electric dipole approximation (EDA) onthe minimal-coupling Hamiltonian density of the bound-state QED. Then ouroptical Bloch equations can describe a two-level atom interacting with amonochromatic light of arbitrary wavelength, which are suitable to study thespectroscopy and the Rabi oscillations of two-level atoms in X-ray laser beamssince that the wavelength of X-ray is close to an atom to make the electricdipole approximation (EDA) invalid.

QED-based Optical Bloch Equations without electric dipole approximation:  A model for a two-level atom interacting with a monochromatic X-ray laser  beam