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We consider decelerating and cooling an ensemble of multilevel atoms andmolecules with a coherent train of ultrashort laser pulses. In the frequencydomain such trains form frequency combs. We propose a novel see-saw scheme ofDoppler cooling of multilevel atoms and molecules. In this scheme the teeth ofthe frequency comb are periodically moved in and out of resonance with theallowed transitions. The see-saw cooling may be carried out in practice byswitching carrier-envelope phase offset between predefined values. We study theperformance of the see-saw scheme for the simplest prototype three-level$\Lambda$ system and demonstrate its advantage. For these systems wedemonstrate a procedure for determining optimal train parameters, and see-sawswitching period. We also illustrate the performance of the protocol bynumerically simulating time evolution of velocity distribution.

See-saw protocol for Doppler cooling of multilevel systems with coherent pulse trains