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Before 1905, Poincar\'e stressed the importance of the method of clocks andtheir synchronization, but unlike Einstein, magnet and conductor (asymmetriesin Lorentz's theory regarding the explanation of Faraday's induction) orchasing a light beam and overtaking it, were not a matter of great concern forhim. In 1905 Poincar\'e elaborated Lorentz's electron theory from 1904 in twopapers entitled "Sur la dynamique de l'electron". In May 1905 he sent threeletters to Lorentz at the same time that Albert Einstein wrote his famous May1905 letter to Conrad Habicht: "I can promise you in return four works,[...]The fourth paper is only a rough draft at this point, and is an electrodynamicsof moving bodies". In the May 1905 letters to Lorentz Poincar\'e presented thebasic equations of his 1905 Dynamics of the Electron. Hence, in May 1905,Poincar\'e and Einstein both had drafts of papers pertaining to the principleof relativity. Poincar\'e's draft led to a space-time mathematical theory ofgroups at the basis of which stood the postulate of relativity, and Einstein'sdraft led to a kinematical theory of relativity. Poincar\'e did not renouncethe ether. He wrote a new law of addition of velocities, but he did not abandonthe tacit assumptions made about the nature of time, simultaneity, and spacemeasurements implicit in Newtonian kinematics. Although he questioned absolutetime and absolute simultaneity, he did not make new kinematical tacitassumptions about space and time. He also did not require reciprocity of theappearances, and therefore did not discover relativity of simultaneity: theseare the main hallmarks of Einstein's special theory of relativity.Nevertheless, as shown by other writers, Poincar\'e's theory had influencedlater scientists especially Hermann Minkowski.

Poincar\'e's Dynamics of the Electron - A Theory of Relativity?