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The physical mechanisms of periodic separation and relaxation of electriccharges within aerosol particles possessing the properties the short-circuitedbatteries can be extremely diverse. With use of appropriate materials anddispersing methods, the electrochemical, thermoelectric, thermionic,pyroelectric, photoelectric, photo electronic emission, or evenradionuclide-based emission micro and nano-batteries can be synthesized and bedispersed in the air as clouds self-assembed of the short-circuited aerosolbatteries due to the inter-particle electromagnetic dipole-dipole attraction.Intense thermionic emission from ionized hot spots migrating on the relativelycold surface of charged explosive particles, can convert these particles intoshort-circuited thermionic batteries, turning an aerosol cloud consisting ofsuch unipolar charged, gradually decomposing explosive particles into balllightning. The slow exothermic decomposition of the highly sensitive explosiveaerosol particles, catalyzed by excess ions on their surface, and alsoion-catalyzed reactions of slow water vapor induced oxidation of chargedcombustible aerosol particles underlie two main classes of natural balllightning. At the same time, the artificially generated clouds consisting ofsuch unipolar charged aerosol nanobatteries, probably, can have some usefulapplications, not only military ones. In particular, it seems thathigh-performance pyroelectric fusion reactors could be created on the basis ofsuch ball-shaped aerosol clouds self-assembled of pyroelectric nanocrystals -short-circuited pyroelectric nanobatteries.

Clouds of short-circuited thermionic nanobatteries and promising  prospects for development of nanobattery-based aerosol fusion reactors. The  preliminary report