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The topological structure of the power grid plays a key role in the reliabledelivery of electricity and price settlement in the electricity market.Incorporation of new energy sources and loads into the grid over time has ledto its structural and geographical expansion and can affect its stableoperation. This paper presents an intuitive analytical model for the temporalevolution of large grids and uses it to understand common structural featuresobserved in grids across America. In particular, key graph parameters likedegree distribution, graph diameter, betweenness centralities, eigen-spread andclustering coefficients, as well as graph processes like infection propagationare used to quantify the model's benefits through comparison with the WesternUS and ERCOT power grids. The most significant contribution of the developedmodel is its analytical tractability, that provides a closed form expressionfor the nodal degree distribution observed in large grids. The discussed modelcan be used to generate realistic test cases to analyze topological effects ongrid functioning and new grid technologies.

Analytical Models for Power Networks: The case of the Western US and ERCOT grids