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This paper applies a new model and analytical tool to measure and studycontemporary globalization processes in collaborative science - a world inwhich scientists, scholars, technicians and engineers interact within a 'grid'of interconnected research sites and collaboration networks. The buildingblocks of our metrics are the cities where scientific research is conducted, asmentioned in author addresses on research publications. The unit of analysis isthe geographical distance between those cities. In our macro-level trendanalysis, covering the years 2000-2010, we observe that research collaborationdistances have been increasing, while the share of collaborative contacts withforeign cities has leveled off. Collaboration distances and growth rates differsignificantly between countries and between fields of science. The applicationof a distance metrics to compare and track these processes opens avenues forfurther studies, both at the meso-level and at the micro-level, into howresearch collaboration patterns and trends are driving and shaping theconnectivity fabric of world science.

Research collaboration and the expanding science grid: Measuring globalization processes worldwide