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We present a theory for excitation of heavy hydrogen-like projectile-ions bylight target-atoms in collisions where the momentum transfers to the atom arevery large on the atomic scale. It is shown that in this process the electronsand the nucleus of the atom behave as (quasi-) free particles with respect toeach other and that their motion is governed by the field of the nucleus of theion. The effect of this field on the atomic particles can be crucial for thecontribution to the excitation of the ion caused by the electrons of the atom.Due to comparatively very large nuclear mass, however, this field can beneglected in the calculation of the contribution to the excitation due to thenucleus of the atom.

Excitation of heavy hydrogen-like ions by light atoms in relativistic collisions with large momentum transfers