English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

An important design decision for the first phase of the Square KilometreArray is whether the low frequency component (SKA1-low) should be implementedas a single or dual-band aperture array; that is, using one or two antennaelement designs to observe the 70-450 MHz frequency band. This memo uses anelementary parametric analysis to make a quantitative, first-order costcomparison of representative implementations of a single and dual-band system,chosen for comparable performance characteristics. A direct comparison of theSKA1-low station costs reveals that those costs are similar, although theuncertainties are high. The cost impact on the broader telescope system varies:the deployment and site preparation costs are higher for the dual-band array,but the digital signal processing costs are higher for the single-band array.This parametric analysis also shows that a first stage of analogue tilebeamforming, as opposed to only station-level, all-digital beamforming, has thepotential to significantly reduce the cost of the SKA1-low stations. However,tile beamforming can limit flexibility and performance, principally in terms ofreducing accessible field of view. We examine the cost impacts in the contextof scientific performance, for which the spacing and intra-station layout ofthe antenna elements are important derived parameters. We discuss theimplications of the many possible intra-station signal transport and processingarchitectures and consider areas where future work could improve the accuracyof SKA1-low costing.

Cost-effective aperture arrays for SKA Phase 1: single or dual-band?