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The intent of the study detailed in this paper is to demonstrate the benefitsof inverter var control on a fast timescale to mitigate rapid and large voltagefluctuations due to the high penetration of photovoltaic generation and theresulting reverse power flow. Our approach is to formulate the volt/var controlas a radial optimal power flow (OPF) problem to minimize line losses and energyconsumption, subject to constraints on voltage magnitudes. An efficientsolution to the radial OPF problem is presented and used to study the structureof optimal inverter var injection and the net benefits, taking into account theadditional cost of inverter losses when operating at non-unity power factor.This paper will illustrate how, depending on the circuit topology and itsloading condition, the inverter's optimal reactive power injection is notnecessarily monotone with respect to their real power output. The results aredemonstrated on a distribution feeder on the Southern California Edison systemthat has a very light load and a 5 MW photovoltaic (PV) system installed awayfrom the substation.

Optimal Inverter VAR Control in Distribution Systems with High PV Penetration