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In this paper we calculate the delay of the arrival times of visible photonson the focal plane of a telescope and its fluctuations as function of localatmospheric conditions (temperature, pressure, chemical composition, seeingvalues) and telescope diameter. The aim is to provide a model for delay and itsfluctuations accurate to the picosecond level, as required by several very hightime resolution astrophysical applications, such as comparison of radio andoptical data on Giant Radio Bursts from optical pulsars, and Hanbury BrownTwiss Intensity Interferometry with Cerenkov light detectors. The results herepresented have been calculated for the ESO telescopes in Chile (NTT, VLT,E-ELT), but the model can be easily applied to other sites and telescopediameters. Finally, we describe a theoretical mathematical model forcalculating the Fried radius through the study of delay time fluctuations.

Fluctuations of Photon Arrival Times in Free Atmosphere