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Is the accelerating expansion of the Universe true, inferred throughobservations of distant supernovae, and is the implied existence of an enormousamount of anti-gravitational dark energy material driving the acceleratingexpansion of the universe also true? To be physically useful these propositionsmust be falsifiable; that is, subject to observational tests that could renderthem false, and both fail when viscous, diffusive, astro-biological andturbulence effects are included in the interpretation of observations. A moreplausible explanation of negative stresses producing the big bang is turbulenceat Planck temperatures. Inflation results from gluon viscous stresses at thestrong force transition. Anti-gravitational (dark energy) turbulence stressesare powerful but only temporary. No permanent dark energy is needed. At theplasma-gas transition, viscous stresses cause fragmentation of plasmaproto-galaxies into dark matter clumps of primordial gas planets, each of whichfalsifies dark-energy cold-dark-matter cosmologies. Clumps of these planetsform all stars, and explain the alleged accelerating expansion of the universeas a systematic dimming error of Supernovae Ia by light scattered in the hotturbulent atmospheres of evaporated planets surrounding central white dwarfstars.

Is Dark Energy Falsifiable?