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We performed temperature dependent X-ray linear dichroism (XLD) experimentson an iron pnictide system, Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)$_2$As$_2$ with $x$=0.00 and0.05, to experimentally verify existence of orbital ordering (OO). We observedclear XLD in polarization dependent X-ray absorption spectra of Fe $L$ edges.By exploiting the difference in the temperature dependent behaviors, we wereable to separate OO and structure contributions to XLD. The observed OO signalindicates different occupation numbers for $d_{yz}$ and $d_{zx}$ orbitals andsupports existence of a ferro-OO. The results are also consistent with thetheoretical prediction. Moreover, we find substantial OO signal above thetransition temperature, which suggests that OO fluctuation exists well abovethe transition temperature.

Existence of Orbital Order and its Fluctuation in Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)$_2$As$_2$ Revealed by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy