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Dynamic spectrum access in cognitive radio networks can greatly improve thespectrum utilization efficiency. Nevertheless, interference may be introducedto the Primary User (PU) when the Secondary Users (SUs) dynamically utilize thePU's licensed channels. If the SUs can be synchronous with the PU's time slots,the interference is mainly due to their imperfect spectrum sensing of theprimary channel. However, if the SUs have no knowledge about the PU's exactcommunication mechanism, additional interference may occur. In this paper, wepropose a dynamic spectrum access protocol for the SUs confronting with unknownprimary behavior and study the interference caused by their dynamic access.Through analyzing the SUs' dynamic behavior in the primary channel which ismodeled as an ON-OFF process, we prove that the SUs' communication behavior isa renewal process. Based on the Renewal Theory, we quantify the interferencecaused by the SUs and derive the corresponding close-form expressions. With theinterference analysis, we study how to optimize the SUs' performance under theconstraints of the PU's communication quality of service (QoS) and thesecondary network's stability. Finally, simulation results are shown to verifythe effectiveness of our analysis.

Renewal-Theoretical Dynamic Spectrum Access in Cognitive Radio Networks with Unknown Primary Behavior