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Using the shape space of codons and tRNAs we give a physical description ofthe genetic code evolution on the basis of the codon capture and ambiguousintermediate scenarios in a consistent manner. In the lowest dimensionalversion of our description, a physical quantity, codon level is introduced. Interms of the codon levels two scenarios are typically classified into twodifferent routes of the evolutional process. In the case of the ambiguousintermediate scenario we perform an evolutional simulation implemented costselection of amino acids and confirm a rapid transition of the code change.Such rapidness reduces uncomfortableness of the non-unique translation of thecode at intermediate state that is the weakness of the scenario. In the case ofthe codon capture scenario the survival against mutations under the mutationalpressure minimizing GC content in genomes is simulated and it is demonstratedthat cells which experience only neutral mutations survive.

Codon Capture and Ambiguous Intermediate Scenarios of Genetic Code Evolution