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Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are self-configuring wireless networks thatlack permanent infrastructure and are formed among mobile nodes on demand.Rapid node mobility results in dramatic channel variation, or fading, thatdegrades MANET performance. Employing channel state information (CSI) at thetransmitter can improve the throughput of routing and medium access control(MAC) protocols for mobile ad hoc networks. Several routing algorithms in theliterature explicitly incorporate the fading signal strength into the routingmetric, thus selecting the routes with strong channel conditions. While thesestudies show that adaptation to the time-variant channel gain is beneficial inMANETs, they do not address the effect of the outdated fading CSI at thetransmitter. For realistic mobile node speeds, the channel gain is rapidlyvarying, and becomes quickly outdated due the feedback delay. We analyze thelink throughput of joint rate adaptation and adaptive relay selection in thepresence of imperfect CSI. Moreover, for an 802.11 network that employsgeographic opportunistic routing with adaptive rate and relay selection, wepropose a novel method to reduce the effect of the feedback delay at the MAClayer in the presence of Rayleigh fading. This method exploits channelreciprocity and fading prediction and does not require significant modificationto the existing 802.11 frame structure. Extensive network simulationsdemonstrate that the proposed approach significantly improves the throughput,delay, and packet delivery ratio for high mobile velocities relative topreviously proposed approaches that employ outdated CSI at the transmitter.

Enabling Adaptive Rate and Relay Selection for 802.11 Mobile Ad Hoc Networks