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Ferroelectric-like hysteresis loops of CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) ceramic have beenobserved. We found that this unusual feature does not arise from thedisplacement of the Ti ions in the TiO6 octahedron, but apparently comes fromthe charges at the grain boundaries which consist of a CuO layer. Therelaxation time of 2.9 milliseconds by the charges from the grain boundary,nearly corresponding to the inverse P - V sampling frequency of 1kHz, has beenfound in the impedance spectrum. According to the micro-Raman mapping, the CuOlayer is found in the grain boundary and is perfectly distinguished from theCCTO grain.

Origin of ferroelectric-like hysteresis loop of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramic studied by impedance and micro-Raman spectroscopy