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Background: Aspect-oriented programming (AOP) is an emerging programmingparadigm whose focus is about improving modularity, with an emphasis on themodularization of crosscutting concerns.  Objective: The goal of this paper is to assess the extent to which an AOPlanguage -ObjectTeams/Java (OT/J) -improves the modularity of a softwaresystem. This improvement has been claimed but, to the best of our knowledge,this paper is the first attempting to present quantitative evidence of it.  Method: We compare functionally-equivalent implementations of theGang-of-Four design patterns, developed in Java and OT/J, using softwaremetrics.  Results: The results of our comparison support the modularity improvementclaims made in the literature. For six of the seven metrics used, the OT/Jversions of the patterns obtained significantly better results.  Limitations: This work uses a set of metrics originally defined forobject-oriented (OO) systems. It may be the case that the metrics are biased,in that they were created in the context of OO programming (OOP), before theadvent of AOP. We consider this comparison a stepping stone as, ultimately, weplan to assess the modularity improvements with paradigm independent metrics,which will conceivably eliminate the bias. Each individual example from thesample used in this paper is small. In future, we plan to replicate thisexperiment using larger systems, where the benefits of AOP may be morenoticeable.  Conclusion: This work contributes with evidence to fill gaps in the body ofquantitative results supporting alleged benefits to software modularity broughtby AOP languages, namely OT/J.

Evidence-Based Comparison of Modularity Support Between Java and Object Teams