English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Functions of some networks, such as power grids and large-scale brainnetworks, rely on not only frequency synchronization, but also phasesynchronization. Nevertheless, even after the oscillators reach tofrequency-synchronized status, phase difference among oscillators often showsnon-zero constant values. Such phase difference potentially results ininefficient transfer of power or information among oscillators, and avoidproper and efficient functioning of the network. In the present study, we newlydefine synchronization cost by the phase difference among thefrequency-synchronized oscillators, and investigate the optimal networkstructure with the minimum synchronization cost through rewiring-basedoptimization. By using the Kuramoto model, we demonstrate that the cost isminimized in a network topology with rich-club organization, which comprisesthe densely-connected center nodes and peripheral nodes connecting with thecenter module. We also show that the network topology is characterized by itsbimodal degree distribution, which is quantified by Wolfson's polarizationindex. Furthermore, we provide analytical interpretation on why the rich-clubnetwork topology is related to the small amount of synchronization cost.

Rich-club network topology to minimize synchronization cost due to phase difference among frequency-synchronized oscillators