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We observed a huge volume expansion of aligned single walled carbon nanotube(SWNT) arrays accompanied by structural transformation during electricalbreakdown in vacuum. The SWNT arrays were assembled between prefabricated Pdsource and drain electrodes of 2 \mu m separation on Si/SiO_2 substrate viadielectrophoresis. At high electrical field, the SWNT arrays erupt into largemushroom-like structure. Systematic studies with controlled electrical biasshow that above a certain field SWNTs swell and transform to nanoparticles andflower-like structures with small volume increase. Further increase inelectrical bias and repeated sweeping results into amorphous carbon asdetermined from scanning and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Crosssectional studies using focused ion beam and TEM show the height of 2-3 nm SWNTarray increased to about 1 \mu m with a volume gain of ~ 400 times. Theelectron energy loss spectroscopy reveals that graphitic sp^2 networks of SWNTsare transformed predominantly to sp^3. The current-voltage measurements alsoshow an increase in the resistance of the transformed structure.

Huge Volume Expansion and Structural Transformation of Carbon Nanotube Aligned Arrays during Electrical Breakdown in Vacuum