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The Clementine Gnomon is a giant pinhole dark camera dedicated to meridiansolar astrometry operating in the Basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli in Rome.Pope Clement XI ordered Francesco Bianchini (1662-1729) to build thisinstrument in 1701-1702. It renders solar images distortion-free, because thepinhole is optics-less. The azimut of the Clementine Gnomon has been referencedwith respect to the celestial North pole, and it is 4'28.8"\pm0.6" Eastward.Also the local deviations from a perfect line are known with an accuracy betterthan 0.5 mm. Therefore the transit's times are systematically in delay withrespect to the ephemerides. It is emphasized the opportunity of considering theClementine Gnomon as introductory in modern astrometry besides its key role inthe history of astronomy. Seeing effects on the solar image are studied usingvideo. The need of a definitive solution in restoring the original pinhole isalso shown.

Lo Gnomone Clementino: Astronomia Meridiana in Chiesa dal '700 ad oggi