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X-ray burst spectra have long been used to estimate neutron star masses andradii. These estimates assumed that burst spectra are accurately described bythe model atmosphere spectra developed over the last three decades. We comparedRXTE data from a superburst with these spectra and found that the spectrapredicted by previously published model atmospheres are strongly inconsistentwith these high-precision measurements. In contrast, a simple Bose-Einsteinspectrum is fully consistent with the data, as are recently published modelatmosphere spectra. We discuss the implications of our results fordeterminations of neutron star masses and radii via constraints on theirsurface gravity and redshift, as originally suggested by Majczyna and Madej.

Implications of high-precision spectra of thermonuclear X-ray bursts for determining neutron star masses and radii