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Investigations of living organisms have led biologists and physicians tointroduce fundamental concepts, including Brownian motion, the First Law ofThermodynamics, Poiseuille's Law of fluid flow, and Fick's Law of diffusioninto physics. Given the prominence of viscous forces within and around cellsand the experience of identifying and quantifying such resistive forces,biophysical cell biologists have an unique perspective in discovering theviscous forces that cause moving particles to respond to an applied force in anonlinear manner. Using my experience as a biophysical cell biologist, I showthat in any space consisting of a photon gas with a temperature above absolutezero, Doppler-shifted photons exert a velocity-dependent viscous force onmoving charged particles. This viscous force prevents charged particles fromexceeding the speed of light. Consequently, light itself prevents chargedparticles from moving faster than the speed of light. This interpretationprovides a testable alternative to the interpretation provided by the SpecialTheory of Relativity, which contends that particles are prevented fromexceeding the speed of light as a result of the relativity of time.

Charged Particles are Prevented from Going Faster than the Speed of Light by Light Itself: A Biophysical Cell Biologist's Contribution to Physics