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Network virtualization allows one to build dynamic distributed systems inwhich resources can be dynamically allocated at locations where they are mostuseful. In order to fully exploit the benefits of this new technology,protocols need to be devised which react efficiently to changes in the demand.This paper argues that the field of online algorithms and competitive analysisprovides useful tools to deal with and reason about the uncertainty in therequest dynamics, and to design algorithms with provable performanceguarantees. As a case study, we describe a system (e.g., a gaming application)where network virtualization is used to support thin client applications formobile devices to improve their QoS. By decoupling the service from theunderlying resource infrastructure, it can be migrated closer to the currentclient locations while taking into account migration cost. This paperidentifies the major cost factors in such a system, and formalizes thecorresponding optimization problem. Both randomized and deterministic, gravitycenter based online algorithms are presented which achieve a good tradeoffbetween improved QoS and migration cost in the worst-case, both for servicemigration within an infrastructure provider as well as for networks supportingcross-provider migration. The paper reports on our simulation results and alsopresents an explicit construction of an optimal offline algorithm which allows,e.g., to evaluate the competitive ratio empirically.

Online Strategies for Intra and Inter Provider Service Migration in Virtual Networks