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We analyze the analog of the Rayleigh instability in the field of gravity forthe superfluid-crystal 4He interface provided that the heavier 4He crystalphase occupies the half-space over the lighter superfluid phase. The conditionsand the onset of the gravitational instability are different in kind above andbelow the roughening transition temperature when the crystal 4He surface is inthe rough or in the smooth faceted state, respectively. In the rough state ofthe surface the gravitational instability is similar to the classical case ofthe fluid-fluid interface. In contrast, in the case of the crystal facetedsurface the onset of the gravitational instability is associated withsurmounting some potential barrier. The potential barrier results from nonzeromagnitude of the linear facet step energy. The size and the tilting angle ofthe crystal facet are also important parameters for developing the instability.The initial stage of the instability can be described as a generation ofcrystallization waves at the superfluid-crystal interface. The experimentswhich may concern the gravitational instability of the superfluid-crystal 4Heinterface are discussed.

Instability of a crystal 4He facet in the field of gravity