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A quantum-mechanical description of the magnetic shape anisotropy, that isusually ascribed to the classical magnetic dipole-dipole interaction, has beendeveloped. This is achieved by including the Breit-interaction, that can beseen as an electronic current-current interaction in addition to theconventional Coulomb interaction, within fully relativistic band structurecalculations. The major sources of the magnetic anisotropy, spin-orbit couplingand the Breit-interaction, are treated coherently this way. This seems to beespecially important for layered systems for which often both sourcescontribute with opposite sign to the magnetic anisotropy energy. Applicationsto layered transition metal systems are presented to demonstrate theimplications of this new approach in treating the magnetic shape anisotropy.

Ab-initio description of the magnetic shape anisotropy due to the Breit interaction