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We discuss the distribution of the quark number over the gauge fields for QCDat nonzero quark chemical potential. As the quark number operator isnon-hermitian, the distribution is over the complex plane. Moreover, because ofthe fermion determinant, the distribution is not real and positive. Thecomputation is carried out within leading order chiral perturbation theory andgives direct insight into the delicate cancellations that take place incontributions to the total baryon number.

How the Quark Number fluctuates in QCD at small chemical potential