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In the first part of this manuscript, I present the results on the propertiesof the interstellar medium and the stellar content of galaxies at z=0.6, from arepresentative sample of distant galaxies observed with the long slitspectrograph VLT/FORS2. This study has been realized in the framework of theESO large program IMAGES "Intermediate MAss Galaxy Evolution Sequences", whichaims to investigate the evolution of the main global properties of galaxies upto z~0.9. I discuss the implications of the observed chemical enrichment of thegas on the scenarios of galaxy formation. I also propose a new method toestimate reliable stellar masses in starburst galaxies using broadbandphotometry and their total star-formation rate.  In a second part, I present a new method to extract, with high accuracy, thesky in spectra acquired with a fiber-fed instrument. I have developed this codein the Framework of the phase A of an instrument proposed for the E-ELT:OPTIMOS-EVE. This is a multi-fiber spectrograph able to observe at optical andinfrared wavelengths simultaneously.  In the third part, I show preliminary results from the CENTRA GEPI- survey atCalar Alto Observatory to study nearby galaxies, hosts of type Ia supernovae,using integral field spectroscopy. I present the first 2D maps of the gas andstellar populations of SNe Ia hosts. The results allow us to directly accessthe host properties in the immediate vicinity of the SNe Ia. This is a crucialstep to investigate eventual correlations between galaxy properties and SNe Iaevents and evolution, leading to systematic effects on the derivation of thecosmological parameters.

Evolution of intermediate mass galaxies up to z~0.7 and studies of SNe Ia hosts