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Multipoint or multichannel observations in plasmas can frequently be modelledas an instantaneous mixture of contributions (waves, emissions, ...) ofdifferent origins. Recovering the individual sources from their mixture thenbecomes one of the key objectives. However, unless the underlying mixingprocesses are well known, these situations lead to heavily underdeterminedproblems. Blind source separation aims at disentangling such mixtures with theleast possible prior information on the sources and their mixing processes.Several powerful approaches have recently been developed, which can oftenprovide new or deeper insight into the underlying physics. This tutorial paperbriefly discusses some possible applications of blind source separation to thefield of plasma physics, in which this concept is still barely known. Twoexamples are given. The first one shows how concurrent processes in thedynamical response of the electron temperature in a tokamak can be separated.The second example deals with solar spectral imaging in the Extreme UV andshows how empirical temperature maps can be built.

Extracting individual contributions from their mixture: a blind source separation approach, with examples from space and laboratory plasmas