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The present work attempts to present a consistent and efficient approach topiezoelectric laminated beams. The influence of hypotheses on three-dimensionalsectional deformations and stress distributions on the estimate of the beamelectromechanical properties is analyzed. By exploiting a mixed variationalformulation and Lagrange multipliers method, an Euler- Bernoulli-like beammodel which accounts for transverse interactions between different ispresented. The fully coupled electromechanical nature of the system isdescribed by including both mechanical and electrical kinematical descriptorsand both direct and inverse piezoelectric effects. For a sandwich piezoelectricbeam and for a two-layers beam, expressions of the beam constitutivecoefficients are provided and the main features of the proposed model arehighlighted. Comparisons with experimental data and results from standardmodelling approaches are presented. As main peculiarity, the proposed beammodel coherently estimates the equivalent piezoelectric capacitance andtransverse normal stress distribution also for beam composed by elastic andpiezoelectric layers of comparable thickness.

Models of Laminated Piezoelectric Beams Including Effect of Transverse Interactions Between Different Layers