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Recent preliminary data gathered by the Fermilab MINOS Collaboration suggestwith 95% confidence that the mass of the muon neutrino differs from that of itsantineutrino partner, which contradicts the entrenched relativistic quantumtheory notion that a free antiparticle is a negative-energy free particlecompelled to travel backwards in time. Also a discrepancy of about fivestandard deviations in the value of the proton charge radius recently obtainedfrom muonic hydrogen versus that previously obtained from electronic hydrogencasts doubt on the calculation of the dominant relativistic QED contributionsto the effects that are actually measured (e.g., the Lamb shift): these QEDcontributions dominate proton charge radius contributions less in muonichydrogen than in electronic hydrogen. The negative-energy "free particles" ofentrenched relativistic quantum theory are well-known features of theKlein-Gordon and Dirac equations, which are shown to have many other unphysicalfeatures as well. The correspondence principle for relativistic particles isincompatible with these two equations, produces no unphysical features andimplies only positive energies for free particles, which eliminates the verybasis of the entrenched notion of antiparticles, as well as of the CPT theorem.This principle thus requires antiparticles to arise from charge conjugation (ormore generally CP) invariance, whose known breaking is naturally expected toproduce mass splitting between particle and antiparticle, in consonance withthe preliminary MINOS data. It also requires revamping of relativistic QED,which is in accord with the doubt cast on it by the proton charge radiusresults, and implies that QED is nonlocal, i.e. has no Hamiltonian density.

Do experiment and the correspondence principle oblige revision of relativistic quantum theory?