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The aim of this chapter is to provide a brief introduction into the basics ofa top-down multilevel tumor dynamics modeling method primarily based ondiscrete entity consideration and manipulation. The method is clinicallyoriented, one of its major goals being to support patient individualizedtreatment optimization through experimentation in silico (=on the computer).Therefore, modeling of the treatment response of clinical tumors lies at theepicenter of the approach. Macroscopic data, including i.a. anatomic andmetabolic tomographic images of the tumor, provide the framework for theintegration of data and mechanisms pertaining to lower and lower biocomplexitylevels such as clinically approved cellular and molecular biomarkers. Themethod also provides a powerful framework for the investigation of multilevel(multiscale) tumor biology in the generic investigational context. TheOncosimulator, a multiscale physics and biomedical engineering concept andconstruct tightly associated with the method and currently undergoing clinicaladaptation, optimization and validation, is also sketched. A brief outline ofthe approach is provided in natural language. Two specific models of tumorresponse to chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic schemes are briefly outlinedand indicative results are presented in order to exemplify the applicationpotential of the method. The chapter concludes with a discussion of severalimportant aspects of the method including i.a. numerical analysis aspects,technological issues, model extensions and validation within the framework ofactual running clinico-genomic trials. Future perspectives and challenges arealso addressed.

Top-Down Multilevel Simulation of Tumor Response to Treatment in the Context of In Silico Oncology