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Liquid xenon (LXe) particle detectors are a powerful technology in the fieldof dark matter direct detection, having shown impressive results in recentyears and holding strong possibility for leading the field in sensitivity togalactic weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) in the future. The searchfor WIMPs requires the capability to detect the recoiling nuclei that resultwhen these particles interact with normal matter. In order to make meaningfulstatements about an observed signal, or lack thereof, the energy scale ofrecoiling nuclei in LXe must be known. Our understanding of this energy scaleis contained in a quantity called the relative scintillation efficiency ofnuclear recoils, or L_eff, and has been studied extensively in the literature,producing seemingly contradictory results. I examine all the measurements ofL_eff that exist, both direct and indirect, and extract the energy dependentbehavior that is statistically consistent globally with all values.Additionally, I examine the measurements covering low energies (>~10 keV, wherethe largest disagreements exist) and attempt to diagnose the systematic effectsthat have led to the observed inconsistencies. I show that virtually all majordisparity arises due to efficiency roll-off of the detectors at the lowenergies, and, when taking this into account, find that the observed behaviorof L_eff supports a slowly and smoothly decreasing value with decreasingenergy. Finally, I discuss the prospects for future measurements, and derive apractical limit to what can be achieved.

Towards an improved understanding of the relative scintillation efficiency of nuclear recoils in liquid xenon