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The high-level contribution of this paper is a simulation-based detailedperformance comparison of three different classes of routing protocols formobile ad hoc networks: stability-based routing, power-aware routing andload-balanced routing. We choose the Flow-Oriented Routing protocol (FORP), thetraffic interference based Load Balancing Routing (LBR) protocol and Min-MaxBattery Cost Routing (MMBCR) as representatives of the stability-based routing,load-balancing and power-aware routing protocols respectively. Among the threerouting protocols, FORP incurs the least number of route transitions; while LBRincurs the smallest hop count and lowest end-to-end delay per data packet.Energy consumed per node is the least for MMBCR, closely followed by LBR. MMBCRis the most fair in terms of node usage and hence it incurs the largest timefor first node failure. FORP tends to repeatedly use nodes lying on the stablepath and hence is the most unfair of the three routing protocols and it incursthe smallest value for the time of first node failure. As we measure thefailure times of up to the first five nodes in the network, we observe that LBRincurs the maximum improvement in the lifetime of the nodes and MMBCR incursthe least improvement beyond the time of first node failure.

A Performance Comparison of Stability, Load-Balancing and Power-Aware Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks