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The P300 speller is being considered as an independent brain-computerinterface. That means it measures the user's intent, and does not require theuser to move any muscles. In particular it should not require eye fixation ofthe desired character. However, it has been shown that posterior electrodesprovide significant discriminative information, which is likely related tovisual processing. These findings imply the need for studies controlling theeffect of eye movements. In experiments with a 3x3 character matrix, attentionand eye fixation was directed to different characters. In the event-relatedpotentials, a P300 occurred for the attended character, and N200 was seen forthe trials showing the focussed character. It occurred at posterior sites,reaching its peak at 200ms after stimulus onset. The results suggest that gazedirection plays an important role in P300 speller paradigm. By controlling gazedirection it is possible to separate voluntary and involuntary EEG responses tothe highlighting of characters.

Is the P300 Speller Independent?