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This article shows the importance that has had the scientific research, thetechnological development and the innovation processes in increasing thelethality of the available weapons during the last century. A set ofinitiatives promoted by the scientific community to stop the nuclear arms racethat threatened the continuation of life on the planet is described. At thispoint, a thorough survey of the texts and proposals of Hippocratic Oaths forScientists presented at different epochs is made. It is observed that theinterest in linking ethical aspects with science and technology issues shows anexponential growth behavior since the Second World War. It is shown how theseveral proposals of oaths and ethical commitments for scientists, engineersand technologists are disseminated following a logistic growth behavior, in thesame manner as a disembodied technology in a particular niche. The dataanalysis shows that there is a coincidence between the maximum rate ofproposals and the historical moment at which the world had deployed the largestnumber of nuclear warheads (70,586) as well as the largest world militaryexpenditures in history (USD 1,485,000,000,000). Subsequently, the origin ofthe Hippocratic Oath for Scientists used for more than two decades ingraduation ceremonies at the Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences of theUniversity of Buenos Aires is analyzed and linked with the historicalcircumstances of its birth.

Science for Peace in the Benefit of Humankind. The Hippocratic Oath for Scientists concept