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As neutrino long baseline experiments enter a new domain of precision,important systematic errors due to poor knowledge of production cross-sectionsfor pions and kaons require more dedicated measurements for precise neutrinoflux predictions. The cosmic ray experiments require dedicated hadronproduction measurements to tune simulation models used to describe air showerprofiles. Among other goals, the NA61-SHINE (SPS Heavy Ion and NeutrinoExperiment) experiment at the CERN SPS aims at precision measurements (5% andbelow) for both neutrino and cosmic ray experiments: those will improve theprediction of the neutrino flux for the T2K experiment at J-PARC and theprediction of muon production in the propagation of air showers for the Augerand KASCADE experiments. Motivations for new hadron production measurements arebriefly discussed. NA61-SHINE took data during a pilot run in 2007 and in 2009with different Carbon targets. The NA61-SHINE setup and preliminary spectra forpositive and negative pions obtained with the 2007 thin (4% interaction length)Carbon target data are presented. The use of the NA61 data for the T2K neutrinoflux predictions is finally discussed in further details.

NA61-SHINE: Hadron Production Measurements for Cosmic Ray and Neutrino Experiments