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Electrically-driven light emission from carbon nanotubes could be exploitedin nano-scale lasers and single-photon sources, and has therefore been thefocus of much research. However, to date, high electric fields and currentshave been either required for electroluminescence, or have been an undesiredside effect, leading to high power requirements and low efficiencies. Inaddition, electroluminescent linewidths have been broad enough to obscure thecontributions of individual optical transitions. Here, we reportelectrically-induced light emission from individual carbon nanotube p-n diodes.A new level of control over electrical carrier injection is achieved, reducingpower dissipation by a factor of up to 1000, and resulting in zero thresholdcurrent, negligible self-heating, and high carrier-to- photon conversionefficiencies. Moreover, the electroluminescent spectra are significantlynarrower (ca. 35 meV) than in previous studies, allowing the identification ofemission from free and localized excitons.

Efficient narrow-band light emission from a single carbon nanotube p-n diode