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Continuous films of metals like gold and silver with a thickness of a fewtens of nm have poor optical transmission in the visible and infrared. However,the same films become largely transparent when the transmission is mediated bycoupled surface plasmon polaritons on the two surfaces of the film. Likewise,it is expected that optical transmission through a hole in an opaque metal filmwould be negligible if the size of the hole is much smaller than the wavelengthof the incident radiation. Contrary to this, it was found a few years ago thatopaque metal films perforated with a periodic array of sub wavelength holesexhibit large transmission at certain wavelengths. Such extraordinary opticalproperties of the metal films have attracted much attention in recent years.They have led to several proposals and demonstrations of nanophotonicapplications in a wide range of areas, such as microscopy, spectroscopy,optoelectronics, optical data storage, bio-chemical sensing and so on. Inparallel, extensive effort has been made to elucidate the mechanisms ofefficient light energy transfer across metal films with arrays of subwavelength apertures like holes and slits. Despite this effort, not all aspectsof the underlying physics of the phenomena are fully understood yet. Here, weprovide a short review of the various concepts put forth to explicate the largetransmission of light across continuous metal films and films with subwavelength apertures.

Extraordinary optical transmission through metal films with sub wavelength holes and slits