English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

When gene copies are sampled from various species, the resulting gene treemight disagree with the containing species tree. The primary causes of genetree and species tree discord include lineage sorting, horizontal genetransfer, and gene duplication and loss. Each of these events yields adifferent parsimony criterion for inferring the (containing) species tree fromgene trees. With lineage sorting, species tree inference is to find the treeminimizing extra gene lineages that had to coexist along species lineages; withgene duplication, it becomes to find the tree minimizing gene duplicationsand/or losses. In this paper, we show the following results: (i) The deepcoalescence cost is equal to the number of gene losses minus two times the geneduplication cost in the reconciliation of a uniquely leaf labeled gene tree anda species tree. The deep coalescence cost can be computed in linear time forany arbitrary gene tree and species tree. (ii) The deep coalescence cost isalways no less than the gene duplication cost in the reconciliation of anarbitrary gene tree and a species tree. (iii) Species tree inference byminimizing deep coalescences is NP-hard.

From gene trees to species trees II: Species tree inference in the deep coalescence model