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In the eighth century BC something peculiar seems to happen on Sicily. Thearchaeological record starts to show the arrival of Greek material culture. Bythe fifth century BC the island is effectively 'Hellenised' and ancienthistorians record the political and military action of poleis, Greekcity-states. Each polis has traditionally been seen as the offshoot of a cityelsewhere. Genealogies of cities ultimately end in cities found in the citiesof the Peloponnese and the Aegean. The 'Greek' identity of the Sicilian citiesis part of a wider debate on the concept of Identity in the ancient world. Thispaper considers if there is a contribution archaeoastronomers can make to suchdiscussions by considering the alignments of Greek temples. Greek religion wasintimately related to notions of civic identity and what it meant to be'Greek'. I propose a method of studying small samples of temples, whichcombines both alignment analysis and historical context. Therefore it may bepossible that a study of the temples may yield useful information aboutcollective identities. However, as this method shows, the more ambiguous thecultural data the less certain any astronomical patterns may be.

An analysis of astronomical alignments of Greek Sicilian Temples