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Drought generally affects a wider area for longer period of time than other natural disasters. Recently, so-called "mega-droughts" of very long durations and with more extensive impacts have been observed across the world. However, few efforts have been devoted to identifying the critical impact factors-such as climate, hydrological and socio-economic factors-for such extreme droughts. In this study, we identify the most critical factor and derive the direct/indirect relationship among nine influences including climatic, hydrological, and socio-economic factors using two feature selection methods. The two feature selection approaches we use are based on the statistical theories of principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis. The standardized precipitation index (SPI) is used as a drought index. The study area is Boryeong city, South Korea. Drought impact analysis results obtained from the two feature selection approaches are compared and presented by polygon radar charts. The results showed that the low water level of the Boryeong dam is the most critical impact factor.

Identifying the Critical Drought Impact Factor with Feature Selection Approaches