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The multi-stage repeated load triaxial (MS RLT) test is known as a proper test that can evaluate the permanent deformation characteristics of pavement materials because it measures them by applying various combinations of cyclic stresses, which are experienced by actual roads, to a test sample. In this study, the permanent deformation behavior of open-graded aggregates with a maximum particle size of 40 mm was investigated using the MS RLT test. Accumulated permanent deformations were obtained from the test, the resilient modulus was determined accordingly, and the permanent deformations were compared to the predicted ones. The permanent deformation behavior was also compared with that of dense-graded aggregates from the literature. Unlike dense-graded aggregates, the open-graded aggregates showed a rapid permanent deformation behavior at the beginning of the cyclic loading, which may be due to their uniform particle-size distribution and the large voids existing among the particles. The conventional permanent deformation model did not properly reflect this permanent deformation characteristic.

Resilient Modulus and Permanent Deformation of 40-mm Open-Graded Aggregates based on Repeated-Load Triaxial Tests