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As rapid climate change and urbanization are underway, the impervious area of the land cover is increasing. Rain falling on the ground surface can flow into underground spaces by gravity. Rainwater flowing over steep slopes enters underground spaces with a high flow velocity even at low water depths, resulting in increased momentum, leading to loss of life and property. However, previous studies have not yet provided quantitative information on the extent of flooding in underground spaces. In this study, the inundation risk of underground spaces was evaluated considering both the difficulty in evacuation and the hydrodynamic flow characteristics. When the inundation depth was approximately 0.2 m, its propagated velocity and momentum were not huge, the damage caused by the inundation was low over the entire area, and there were no difficulties in evacuation. However, in case of flow depths larger than 0.6 m, the risk index in most of the domain reached a level of 4-5.

Inundation Risk Evaluation of Underground Spaces Considering Evacuation Difficulty and Hydrodynamic Flow Characteristics