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Abnormal climate change poses serious risks to the stability of river-crossing structures; these risks include piping, local bed scour and pressure fluctuation caused by hydraulic jumps. In this study, pressure fluctuation and free surface displacement were investigated by hydraulic experiments under various water depth ratios between the upstream and downstream sections of a weir. After removing outlier data by applying a statistical approach based on the confidence interval concept, the characteristics of a hydraulic jump were calculated from experimental results and compared to the results of previous studies. It was found that the maximum and minimum pressures increased with the water depth ratio and Froude number. In addition, above a certain Froude number, the maximum and minimum pressures occurred at 30% and 20% of the length of the hydraulic jump, respectively. The correlation analysis also indicated a strong positive relationship between the pressure fluctuation and the free surface fluctuation. Further quantification of this relationship under various hydraulic jump conditions would be useful for the design of the apron and bed protection.

Characteristic Analysis of Pressure Fluctuation and Free Surface Displacement in River-Crossing Structure through Statistical Approach