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Background: Myrtus communis L. (MC) is widely used as an antidiabetic plant in folk medicine. This study aimed to analyze the possible antidiabetic and hepatoprotective effects of MC berries in streptozotocin (STZ)induced diabetic rats. Methods: The study used a total of 30 rats in 6 groups of 5. DM was induced with a single injection of 40 mg/kg STZ, after which 3 of the groups were administered 250, 500 or 1000 mg/kg aqueous extract of MC berries by oral gavage for 14 days. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were determined in the serum and glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined in the liver tissue of the rats. Results: MC administration provided a significant reduction in the altered serum glucose, AST, ALT and ALP levels in all the diabetic groups. MC extract showed significant antioxidant activity by increasing SOD activity and GSH level and reducing MDA levels in diabetic rats compared to the control group (p<0.05). Serum AST, ALT and ALP levels were reduced by MC administration in all the diabetic groups. The maximum hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects were observed at 1000 mg/kg dose of MC. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that aqueous extract of Myrtus communis L. has antidiabetic and antioxidant activity. These results confirm the traditional usage of this plant as an antidiabetic herb.

Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activity of Aqueous Extract of Myrtus Communis L. Berries on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats