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Total 20 Isolates Of E. Coli (12 From Poultry And 8 From Hospital) Were Isolated Randomly From Poultry Farm Waste And Chittagong Medical College Hospital (Cmch) Liquid Waste. We Found Tetracycline Resistant E. Coli (150µg/Ml) From The Poultry Farm Waste Sample And Ciprofloxacin Resistant Strain (3000µg/Ml) From Hospital Waste. Our Finding Suggests That Antibiotic Should Not Be Used In The Growth Promotion Of The Poultry Farm And The Use Of Antibiotics By The Respective Users Need To Be Monitored Properly In Order To Avoid The Emergence Of Antibiotic Resistance In Bacteria. Abbreviations CMCH= Chittagong Medical College Hospital; BP= British Pharmacopoeia; PCA= plate count agar; EMB= Eosine Methylene Blue; BSA= Bismuth Sulfate Agar; NA= Nutrient Agar; TSI= Triple Sugar Iodine; BGA= Brilliant Green Agar. Keywords: Multidrug resistant; hospital wastes; poultry wastes; Escherichia coli; Salmonella; ciprofloxacin and tetracycline. I. Introduction Microbes are widely spread out in nature. The presence of resistant bacteria in food and food producing animals has led to much more question and assumption about the transmission of these bacteria from animals to humans. The microbiological food safety is an increasing public health concern worldwide. Many epidemiological studies and research have implicated foods of animal origin as major vehicles associated with illnesses caused by Escherichia coli, Campylobacter, Salmonella and Yersinia spp. [1]. Antibiotics have been used successfully in poultry for different purposes such as growth promotion, prophylaxis, or therapeutics. However, their use in animal production and human therapy has resulted in increased bacterial resistance to many [2]. As a result, chicken and meat can harbor antimicrobial-resistant strains that can be transmitted to humans. During the past two decades, severe outbreaks of gastrointestinal illness have occurred by food borne pathogenic Escherichia coli, especially 0157:H7 [3]. Escherichia coli are one of the common microbial floras of gastrointestinal tract of poultry and human being [4]. Although most isolates of Escherichia coli are nonpathogenic but they are considered as indicator of faecal contamination in food and about 10 to 15% of intestinal coliforms are opportunistic and pathogenic serotypes [5] and cause a variety of lesions in immunocompromised hosts as well as in poultry. Among the diseases some are often severe and sometimes lethal infections such as meningitis, endocarditis, urinary tract infection, septicemia, epidemic diarrhea of adults and children [6] and yolk sac infection, omphalitis, cellulitis, swollen head syndrome, coligranuloma, and colibacillosis [7]. Salmonella may cause three types of infection namely enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever), enterocolitis (gastroenteritis) and septicemia in human [8]. Typhoid fever is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries [9]. In the last two decades, the worldwide emergence of multi-resistant Salmonellae has led to the application of fluoroquinolones and broad-spectrum cephalosporins against

Isolation and Characterization of Multidrug Resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp from the Wastes of Hospital Patients and Poultry