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Radiation therapy for tumor management is limited due to damage and functional failure of small intestine. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of pomegranate fruit juice (PJ) in radiation-induced biochemical and structure disorders in the small intestine. Materials and methods: Male albino rats were exposed to gamma radiation at a dose of 2Gy/week up to 8Gy. PJ was administered to rats via gavages before and during the irradiation period and were sacrificed one day after the last radiation dose. Results: Biochemical analysis in the ileum of irradiated rats showed decreases of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities, and glutathione content, associated with an increases of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, protein carbonyls and advanced oxidation protein products levels, and TNF-α level. Flow cytometry analysis showed significant alterations in ileum cell cycle and increase in apoptotic cell percentage. Ultrastructural studies showed marked intestinal injury in the ileum of irradiated rats and severe damage in Paneth cells at the sites of bacterial translocation in the crypt of lumens. Supplementations of rats with PJ significantly attenuated oxidative stress, ameliorated antioxidant parameters and ultrastructural alterations in Paneth cells and protects it from bacterial invasion. Conclusion: These results imply that PJ showed potent antioxidant activity may protect small intestine from radiation-induced oxidative damage.

Effectiveness of Punica granatum Juice in Ameliorating Oxidative Damage and Ultrastructural Changes in Paneth Cells of Rat Intestine