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Cockles with sizes ranging from 30 -38 mm were exposed to various concentrations of ammonia to determine the lethal limits of the organisms. In each rectangular plastic container, 5 liter of artificial sea-water was filled containing 0.0 mg/L, 0.1 mg/L, 0.2 mg, 0.3 mg/L, 0.4 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 0.6 mg/L, 0.7 mg/l and 0.8 mg/L of total ammonia. The concentrations were prepared from the ammonia liquor containing 25% free ammonia. The temperature was at 29 0 C and salinity at 27 ppt and kept constant throughout the test. The water pH was noted between 8.3-8.5. With known temperature and pH, the values of NH3 were calculated. Using SPSS's Probit analysis, the value of LC50 at 48-h was 0.08 mg/L of NH3 whereas at 96-h, the value was 0.04 mg/L. In the 48-h duration most cockles mortality occurred before the 32-h. The 100% mortality occurred for cockles exposed to concentrations between 0.08 mg/L- 0.13 mg/L before the 84-h. At 0.06 mg/L about 60% mortality was recorded at 92-h and the rest of the concentrations were 0.05 mg/l, 0.03 and 0.02 mg/L with 30%, 23% and 20% mortality respectively. The LC100 at 96-h and at 48-h exposure was 0.16 mg/L and 0.3 mg/L respectively.

Cockle (Anadara granosa) Tolerance to Ammonia Exposed to Various Concentrations